The electromechanical (
Micro Motor) products mentioned in this paper include mechanical and electronic products. Among them, machinery includes construction machinery, machine tools, automobiles, internal combustion engines, mechanical basic parts, agricultural machinery, instrumentation, cultural office equipment, petrochemical general, heavy mining, electrical appliances and food packaging industries; Electronics include communication equipment, radio and television equipment, computers, home appliances and other consumer electronics, electronic measuring instruments, electronic industrial equipment, electronic components, electronic devices, medical electronics and other electronic application products, as well as electronic special materials.
1. Antidumping is the main means of Global trade remedy to China's mechanical and electronic products
According to the statistics of China trade remedy information network, by the end of 2010, there were 1418 trade remedy investigations launched against China, involving 165 electromechanical (micro motor) products, accounting for 11.6% of the total number of trade remedy cases against China, ranking fifth in all industries involved. Of the 165 trade remedy investigations launched against China's machinery and electronic products, 143 were anti-dumping, accounting for 86.7% of the total number of trade remedy cases against China's machinery and electronic products; There were 6 countervailing cases, accounting for 3.6%; There were 13 safeguard measures, accounting for 7.9%; There were 3 special safeguard measures, accounting for 1.8%. Antidumping is the main means of Global trade remedy to China's mechanical and electronic products.
1. The number of global anti-dumping cases against China's machinery and electronic products is on the rise
Among the 143 anti-dumping investigations against China's machinery and electronic products launched by the world, there are great changes in each period. From 1979 to 1990, the world launched 10 anti-dumping investigations against China's machinery and electronic products, with an average of one case per year, and only two cases in the most years; From 1991 to 2001, the number of anti-dumping cases filed increased by a large margin compared with the previous period. 51 anti-dumping investigations against China's machinery and electronic products were launched in the world, with an average of 5 cases filed annually and a peak of 9 cases in 1993; From 2002 to 2010, the number of anti-dumping cases on file increased rapidly. A total of 82 anti-dumping investigations against China's machinery and electronic products were launched worldwide, with an average of 9 cases per year, including 16 cases in 2008 and 12 cases in 2006 and 2009 (Figure 1).
2. Argentina, the European Union and the United States are the main initiators (micro motors) of anti-dumping against China's mechanical and electronic products
From 1979 to 2010, a total of 20 countries (regions) launched anti-dumping investigations against China's machinery and electronic products. Among them, Argentina and the European Union ranked first, with 21 cases each, accounting for 14.7% of the total number of anti-dumping cases against China's machinery and electronic products; The second was the United States, with 18 cases, accounting for 12.6%; Both India and Mexico had 15 cases, accounting for 10.5% respectively. The above five countries (regions) account for 62.9% of the total number of global anti-dumping investigations against China's machinery and electronic products (Figure 2).
3. The number of anti-dumping cases filed by developing countries against China's machinery and electronic products has increased rapidly
During the 10 years from 1979 to 1988, the prosecution parties of the global anti-dumping investigation against China's mechanical and electronic products were all developed countries. Since Turkey launched an anti-dumping investigation on Chinese welding electrodes in 1989, the anti-dumping investigations on Chinese mechanical and electronic products by developing countries and economies in transition have become increasingly frequent, and the proportion of newly initiated cases has increased significantly. By the end of 2010, developing countries had launched 88 anti-dumping investigations against China's machinery and electronic products, while economies in transition had launched 4 anti-dumping investigations against China's machinery and electronic products, accounting for 64.3% of the global anti-dumping cases against China's machinery and electronic products (micro motors); During the same period, developed countries launched 51 anti-dumping investigations against China's machinery and electronic products, accounting for 35.7% (Figure 3).
4. The enterprises involved in the case actively respond to the anti-dumping investigations of developed countries, and the response rate to developing countries and economies in transition is low
Among the 51 anti-dumping investigations launched by developed countries on China's machinery and electronic products, 40 cases were filed by Chinese enterprises, with a response rate of 78.4%, of which 90.5% were filed against the European Union. Among the 92 anti-dumping investigations against China's machinery and electronic products launched by developing countries and economies in transition, only 28 cases were filed by Chinese enterprises, with a response rate of 30.4%. Especially among the 34 anti-dumping investigations against China's machinery and electronic products launched by South American countries such as Argentina, Brazil and Colombia, only one enterprise responded, with a response rate of less than 3%. In recent years, the market potential of South American countries is huge, which has a growing impact on China's economic development and export trade.
In the face of the imperfection of anti-dumping legislation and anti-dumping procedures in developing countries (micro motor), Chinese enterprises should actively respond to the lawsuit and flexibly defend. We should not only be familiar with and good at using the anti-dumping legislation of developing countries, but also actively strive for the support of stakeholders of importing countries, so as to form a strong anti-dumping team.
5. The development trend of electromechanical (micro motor) products involved in the case to high value-added products is obvious
With the continuous enhancement of independent innovation ability of Chinese enterprises in recent years, China's exports of high-tech products are growing. In 2010, China's total exports reached 492.41 billion US dollars, an increase of 30.7% over the previous year. The trade friction of export products has also developed from labor-intensive products to high-tech products. For example, in 2010, the European Union launched an anti-dumping investigation on China's data cards. Although the plaintiff finally withdrew the lawsuit, the global anti-dumping investigation on China's Electromechanical (micro motor) products gradually involved high value-added products.
2. China's electronic products begin to encounter countervailing investigation from importing countries
Since 2004, China's machinery products encountered the first countervailing investigation by importing countries, so far, foreign countries have launched six countervailing investigations against China's machinery and electronic products, ranking second with light industry after metallurgical industry (18 cases). In 2010, China's electronic products encountered EU countervailing investigation, involving data cards.
3. Global China related safeguard measures and special safeguard measures begin to involve high-tech electronic products
From 1979 to 2010, there were 13 safeguard measures and 3 Special Safeguard Measures for China related mechanical and electronic products (micro motors) in the world. Compared with anti-dumping cases, the safeguard measures and special safeguard measures for China related mechanical and electronic products in the world remained at a low level. In the 16 investigations on China related safeguard measures and special safeguard measures, the products involved before 2010 included optical discs, fasteners, electricity meters, compressors, etc., and most of them were low value-added products (micro motors). In 2010, China's high-tech electronic products were first involved in the safeguard measures investigation, which was the case of EU data card safeguard measures against China/ www.sc-motor.cn/ .
